Learning you have breast cancer while pregnant is overwhelming. This short guide explains, in plain language, what to expect, safe options, and how to make informed choices for both you and your baby.

What is this and how common is it?

Breast cancer during pregnancy is rare (about 1 in 1,500–3,000 pregnancies). It’s often found later because normal pregnancy breast changes can hide lumps.

How doctors diagnose it safely

If a lump is felt, doctors commonly use ultrasound and biopsy. Mammograms can also be done with abdominal shielding. These tests aim to protect the fetus while ensuring accurate diagnosis.

Treatment (what’s usually safe and when)

• Surgery: Can be safely performed during pregnancy (lumpectomy or mastectomy as needed).
• Chemotherapy: Certain regimens may be given after the first trimester and should be avoided 3 to 4 weeks before delivery, because it can cause delivery complications for both the mother and baby.
• Radiation and targeted therapies: Typically avoided until after childbirth because of potential fetal risks.

Other treatments. Hormone therapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy are usually not given to pregnant or nursing women because these treatments are harmful to a fetus or a nursing baby. 

What about the baby?

Most babies do well when treatment follows recommended timing. Obstetric and neonatal teams monitor the pregnancy closely. Early delivery is not always necessary.

Who cares for you? — The multidisciplinary team

Care usually involves a breast surgeon, medical oncologist, high‑risk obstetrician, neonatologist, and psychological support team. Treatment decisions balance your cancer needs with fetal safety and your personal preferences.

Practical tips for patients

• Report any new breast change during pregnancy. Not all changes are pregnancy‑related.
• Ask your team for a clear treatment timeline.
• Seek emotional support — counseling and patient groups can be extremely helpful.

Worried or have questions on your mind? – Here are quick answers

Q: Will treatment harm my baby?

A: Many treatments, especially after the first trimester, have been used safely. Some are delayed until after delivery.

Q: Can treatment wait until after childbirth?

A: In some early cases, short delays may be possible, but beginning treatment during pregnancy often provides the best outcomes.