Breast Cancer: Everything You Need to Know, from Diagnosis to Prevention

Breast cancer is a significant public health concern, affecting individuals worldwide. In India, the incidence of breast cancer has been steadily increasing in recent years. According to the Indian Council of Medical Research (ICMR), breast cancer is now the most common cancer among Indian women. In fact, recent estimates^[1] suggest that approximately 1.5 lakh new cases are diagnosed each year. This data is a stark reminder of the urgency to address this issue and raise awareness about early detection and prevention.

Here’s everything you need to know about the condition, along with effective prevention tips and the importance of screening.

Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment Options

Early detection is crucial for effective breast cancer treatment. Being aware of the common symptoms and seeking medical attention promptly can make a significant difference in treatment outcomes. Remember, breast cancer is successfully treatable when detected and treated early. The symptoms of breast cancer include:

Lump(s) or thickening in the breast or underarm
Change in the size, shape, or appearance of the breast
Unexplained pain in the breast or nipple
Nipple discharge other than breast milk
Skin changes on the breast, such as redness, dimpling, or scaling

If you notice any of these symptoms, you should visit your family physician to discuss the cause of these symptoms further.

The diagnosis of breast cancer typically involves a combination of methods, including a clinical breast exam, mammography, ultrasound, and biopsy.

Once diagnosed, your treatment options can vary depending on the stage and type of cancer. They may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, targeted therapy, Immunotherapy and hormonal therapy. Further, your treatment plan will, most likely, be tailored to your specific diagnosis, and it is crucial to discuss all available options with your medical team to make informed decisions.

Screening, and why it is Important

Breast cancer, like many other cancers, can be a silent killer. You might not notice symptoms of the disease for several months or years before it is detected. This is why regular screening is imperative to detect cancer early. When detected early, breast cancer is more likely to have successful treatment outcomes and very high cure rates.

The goal of screening is to detect cancer before it causes symptoms, making it easier to treat and potentially preventing it from spreading.

As per the American Cancer Society, a woman should start screening for breast cancer with mammograms, every year starting at age 40^[2]. Women at high risk for breast cancer, such as those individuals with strong family history of breast cancer may need to start screening earlier. While, this is a general recommendation, it is important to talk to your doctor about when you should start screening for breast cancer based on your individual risk factors.

The best way to screen for breast cancer is by performing regular breast self-exams and getting a mammogram once every year. But if you notice any of the symptoms mentioned above, you should visit your doctor immediately to get them investigated.

Importance of Breast Self-Exams

Breast self-exams are a simple yet powerful tool to detect breast cancer early. Conducting regular breast self-exams can help you become familiar with your body, helping you notice any changes as soon as they occur. Here’s a step-by-step guide on how to perform a breast self-exam:

Stand in front of a mirror and inspect your breasts for any visible changes, such as dimpling, puckering, or changes in the nipple’s position.
Raise your arms above your head and look for the same changes.
Lie down and use your opposite hand to feel your breast using a circular motion, checking for lumps or abnormalities.
Repeat the process for the other breast.

Performing breast self-exams should become a monthly routine, preferably a few days after your menstrual cycle. If you notice any changes or have concerns, consult a healthcare professional for further evaluation.

Risk factors:

Certain factors can increase your risk of developing breast cancer. Being aware of these risk factors can help you make informed lifestyle choices and consider regular screenings earlier than recommended. Some common risk factors include:

Age: The risk of breast cancer increases with age, particularly after 40.
Family history: A family history of breast cancer can raise your risk, especially if close relatives have had the disease.
Genetic mutations: Inherited genetic mutations, such as BRCA1 and BRCA2, can significantly increase your risk of developing breast cancer. Getting tested for this gene mutation is paramount, especially if you have a family history of the disease.
Hormone replacement therapy: Long-term use of hormone replacement therapy may increase your risk of breast cancer as well. It is best to speak to your treating physician about this if you have any concerns.
Reproductive factors: Early menstruation, late menopause, and having children at an older age can all raise your risk of developing breast cancer.
Excessive alcohol consumption: Regular, heavy alcohol consumption may also increase your risk of breast cancer.
Obesity: Being overweight or obese can also raise your risk of developing breast cancer. Having a high amount of body fat or adipose tissue can lead to the release of high levels of estrogen, which has been linked to an increased risk of breast, endometrial, ovarian, and some other cancers.

Understanding these risk factors is essential for making lifestyle choices and seeking appropriate screenings, especially if several risk factors apply to you.

Tips for prevention:

Preventing breast cancer is not always possible, but there are steps you can take to reduce your risk and promote breast health:

Maintain a healthy lifestyle: Eating a healthy and nutritious diet, exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight can all help prevent or delay the onset of breast cancer.
Limit alcohol consumption: If you do drink alcohol, do so in moderation.
Breastfeeding: If possible, breastfeed your children, as it can reduce the risk of breast cancer.
Get regular screenings: This is especially true if you have any of the above-mentioned risk factors. Even otherwise, you should start screening for the disease once you reach the age of 40.
Know and understand your family history: Be aware of your family’s cancer history and discuss it with your healthcare provider.
Undergo genetic testing: If you have a strong family history of breast cancer, consider genetic counselling and testing for the BRACA1 and BRACA2 genes.
Speak up about hormone therapy: Discuss the risks and benefits of hormone replacement therapy with your physician, if you are on this form of treatment.
Do regular breast self-exams: Conduct regular breast self-exams and promptly report any changes or concerns.

The Importance of Early Detection

Breast cancer is a formidable adversary, but with early detection and timely intervention, it can be treated successfully. Regular screenings, being awareness of the symptoms, and self-exams are powerful tools in the battle against breast cancer. Equally important is having a support network of family and loved ones who understand the significance of early detection and encourage regular check-ups.

In conclusion, remember that early detection saves lives. Spread awareness about the importance of breast health, be proactive in monitoring your own well-being, and encourage your loved ones to do the same. By working together and staying informed, we can make significant strides in the fight against breast cancer and improve the chances of a brighter, healthier future.

References:

[1] https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8966510/

[2]https://www.cancer.org/cancer/screening/american-cancer-society-guidelines-for-the-early-detection-of-cancer.html#:~:text=Women%20ages%2040%20to%2044,or%20can%20continue%20yearly%20screening.

Appendix Cancer Treatment in Bangalore

Appendix cancer is a rare type of cancer that starts in the appendix, a small pouch attached to the large intestine. While it is uncommon, it can be serious if not detected and treated early. Many patients discover appendix cancer accidentally during surgeries for other conditions, such as appendicitis. At Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics, Bangalore, under the expertise of Dr. Mangesh Kamath, patients receive accurate diagnosis, advanced treatments, and compassionate care for appendix cancer. This blog will help you understand appendix cancer, its types, symptoms, risk factors, diagnostic procedures, and treatment options available in Bangalore. What is Appendix Cancer? Appendix cancer occurs when abnormal cells grow uncontrollably in the appendix. Depending on the type, it may be slow-growing or aggressive, potentially spreading to other organs. Unlike other gastrointestinal cancers, appendix cancer often has no obvious symptoms in its early stages. Types of Appendix Cancer Symptoms of Appendix Cancer Appendix cancer symptoms often mimic other abdominal problems, making early detection challenging: In many cases, the cancer is discovered unexpectedly during surgery for suspected appendicitis. Causes and Risk Factors While the exact cause is unknown, certain factors may increase the risk: Diagnosis of Appendix Cancer At Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics, diagnosis involves: Appendix Cancer Treatment in Bangalore Treatment depends on the type, size, and stage of the cancer: 1. Surgery 2. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) 3. Systemic Chemotherapy 4. Targeted Therapy & Immunotherapy Why Choose Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics, Bangalore? Life After Appendix Cancer Treatment Recovery depends on the stage at which cancer is diagnosed and the type of treatment used. Many patients lead healthy lives post-treatment with proper follow-up and lifestyle adjustments: Conclusion Appendix cancer is rare, but early diagnosis and advanced treatment can significantly improve survival rates. At Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics, Bangalore, Dr. Mangesh Kamath and his team ensure that patients receive the latest and most effective treatments with a compassionate approach. If you or your loved one is diagnosed with appendix cancer, don’t delay consultation. 📞 Call 9900613143 today to book an appointment with Dr. Mangesh Kamath and begin your journey towards recovery.

How Breastfeeding Protects Women from Breast Cancer

How Breastfeeding Protects Women from Breast Cancer Breast cancer is one of the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. While genetics, age, and lifestyle factors play a significant role in its development, research shows that breastfeeding offers a natural and effective way to reduce the risk. Breastfeeding not only benefits the baby by providing essential nutrition and immunity but also protects the mother’s health in multiple ways. In this article, we’ll explore how breastfeeding acts as a protective shield against breast cancer, backed by medical research, expert opinions, and practical advice from Dr. Mangesh Kamath, Senior Consultant in Medical Oncology, Hemato-Oncology, and Bone Marrow Transplant at Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics, Bangalore. Understanding Breast Cancer Breast cancer develops when abnormal cells in the breast grow uncontrollably, forming a tumor. These cells can invade surrounding tissues or spread (metastasize) to other parts of the body. Some common risk factors include: While some of these risk factors cannot be changed, lifestyle choices—including breastfeeding—can significantly reduce the likelihood of developing the disease. How Breastfeeding Reduces Breast Cancer Risk 1. Hormonal Changes During Breastfeeding When a woman breastfeeds, her body produces less estrogen and progesterone—hormones that can promote the growth of certain breast cancer cells. Reduced exposure to these hormones lowers the risk of cancer development. 2. Shedding of Breast Tissue During lactation, the breast undergoes changes to produce milk. After breastfeeding ends, the body naturally sheds breast tissue. This process can help eliminate cells with potential DNA damage, reducing the likelihood of them turning cancerous. 3. Delay in Menstrual Cycles Exclusive breastfeeding can delay the return of regular menstrual cycles (lactational amenorrhea). This reduces the total number of menstrual cycles a woman experiences in her lifetime, thus lowering lifetime hormone exposure. 4. Enhanced Differentiation of Breast Cells Breast cells mature and change during pregnancy and breastfeeding, making them more resistant to mutations that can lead to cancer. Scientific Evidence Supporting the Benefits Numerous studies have shown a link between breastfeeding and lower breast cancer risk: How Long Should You Breastfeed for Maximum Benefit? While any duration of breastfeeding provides health benefits, research suggests: Additional Health Benefits of Breastfeeding Breastfeeding’s benefits go beyond breast cancer prevention: Overcoming Common Breastfeeding Challenges Many women face difficulties in breastfeeding, such as: Tips to Overcome Challenges: When to Consult a Doctor While breastfeeding offers protection, it’s not a guarantee against breast cancer. Be alert for warning signs: If you notice any of these, seek prompt medical attention. Expert Advice from Dr. Mangesh Kamath According to Dr. Mangesh Kamath, “Breastfeeding is one of the simplest and most natural steps women can take to lower their breast cancer risk. Even partial breastfeeding can have a positive effect. However, regular breast screenings and a healthy lifestyle remain essential for overall protection.” Lifestyle Tips to Complement Breastfeeding’s Protective Effect Key Takeaways Conclusion Breastfeeding is more than a way to nourish your baby—it’s a powerful, natural strategy for protecting your long-term health. Backed by scientific evidence, it plays a significant role in reducing breast cancer risk. If you have questions about breast health, cancer prevention, or need guidance on breastfeeding challenges, visit Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics in Bangalore and consult Dr. Mangesh Kamath for personalized care.

Lung Cancer Treatment in Bangalore | Dr. Mangesh Kamath – Healius Clinics

Lung cancer is one of the most common cancers worldwide, affecting both men and women. Early detection and effective treatment can significantly improve survival rates. At Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics, we provide advanced lung cancer care under the expertise of Dr. Mangesh Kamath, one of Bangalore’s leading cancer specialists. What is Lung Cancer?Lung cancer begins in the lungs and can spread to other parts of the body if not treated promptly. It is typically classified into two main types: Causes and Risk Factors Symptoms of Lung Cancer Diagnosis at Healius ClinicsWe use advanced diagnostic tools such as CT scans, PET scans, bronchoscopy, and biopsy to ensure accurate detection. Treatment Options At Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics, we provide a comprehensive approach including: Why Choose Dr. Mangesh Kamath? Contact Details📞 Call: 9900613143📍 Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics, Bangalore ConclusionIf you or a loved one is facing lung cancer, early consultation can make all the difference. Get expert, compassionate care from Dr. Mangesh Kamath at Healius Cancer & Hematology Clinics.

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL): The Slow but Manageable Blood Cancer

Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL): The Slow but Manageable Blood Cancer 🩸 What is CLL? Chronic Lymphocytic Leukaemia (CLL) is a type of blood and bone marrow cancer where the body makes too many abnormal white blood cells called lymphocytes. These cells look normal but do not work properly to fight infections. Over time, they build up in the blood, bone marrow, and lymph nodes, pushing out the healthy cells. Unlike aggressive leukaemia’s like AML or ALL, CLL is slow-growing. Many people live with CLL for years before needing treatment. In fact, some people may never need active therapy and are only monitored. 🌍 How Common is CLL? ⚠️ Risk Factors and Causes The exact cause of CLL is not known. But certain risk factors make it more likely: 👉 CLL is not contagious and is not caused by lifestyle or diet. 🔍 Common Symptoms of CLL Many patients are diagnosed during a routine blood test without any symptoms. When present, symptoms may include: 🧪 How is CLL Diagnosed? 🎯 Risk Stratification in CLL CLL does not behave the same way in every patient. Some people live for decades without treatment, while others need immediate therapy. Risk stratification helps doctors decide the best approach. 🔹 Risk Stratification Systems in CLL: 👉 These risk groups guide whether a patient should be on watch & wait, given tablets, or considered for advanced therapies. 💊 Treatment Options for CLL 1. Watchful Waiting (Active Surveillance) 2. Targeted Therapy 3. Chemo-Immunotherapy 4. Monoclonal Antibodies 5. Stem Cell Transplant 🚀 Recent Advances in CLL Treatment 📊 CLL vs Other Leukaemias – A Simple Comparison Feature CLL CML ALL AML Progression Slow (chronic) Slow (chronic) Fast (acute) Fast (acute) Typical Age >60 yrs 40–60 yrs Children & young adults Mostly adults, esp. >60 yrs Cells Involved Lymphocytes Myeloid cells Immature lymphoblasts Immature myeloid cells Symptoms Often none early; enlarged nodes, fatigue Fatigue, splenomegaly, high WBC Fever, bleeding, bone pain Fatigue, bleeding, infections Treatment Watchful waiting, targeted therapy, antibodies TKIs (Imatinib, etc.), sometimes transplant Chemotherapy, targeted therapy, immunotherapy Intensive chemo, transplant Curability Usually controlled for years; remission possible Excellent long-term control with TKIs High cure rates, esp. in children Curable with aggressive therapy but relapse risk exists 🌈 Living with CLL: A Message of Reassurance CLL is often called a “chronic” cancer, meaning it can be controlled long-term. Many patients live a normal lifespan, especially with today’s advanced therapies. For many, CLL becomes a condition that is managed like diabetes or hypertension rather than a life-ending disease. Regular follow-up, timely treatment when needed, and support from family and healthcare teams make a huge difference. ❤️ Final Thoughts From Healius Cancer and Haematology Clinics At Healius Cancer and Haematology Clinics, we understand the anxiety that comes with a diagnosis of CLL. The good news is that treatment has advanced tremendously—from chemotherapy to highly effective targeted therapies that give excellent quality of life. Under the guidance of Dr. Mangesh Kamath, our team provides: 👉 Remember: CLL is not the end. With modern science, it is a journey that can be lived with hope, strength, and dignity.